The Bering Strait is the only oceanic gateway between the Pacific and the Arctic. The flow through the strait dominates the waters of the Chukchi Sea; brings nutrients, heat and freshwater into the Arctic (vital for Arctic ecosystems); and (models suggest) influences the deep circulation of the Atlantic (with implications for global climate).
The regional focus of this effort has been on the Seward Peninsula of Alaska where many physical features such as warm permafrost, coastal erosion, and a dependence on subsistence economies typify the areas of the state that are most sensitive to climate change. The Seward Peninsula also has several long-term climate and hydrologic monitoring stations, making it possible to detect water-related change in this region. Data Rescue and digitization efforts for the Nx2020 program include digitizing early daily cooperative weather records from Buckland, Deering, Noorvik, Teller, and Wales.
The intent of this pilot project is to determine the drivers of physical changes on the Seward Peninsula. The method will employ observations and a land surface model to determine the role of sea ice concentrations in the Bering and Chukchi Seas on modulating temperature, precipitation, and permafrost distributions on the Seward Peninsula in Alaska. The relative roles of regional feedbacks and large-scale atmospheric dynamics will also be tested. Ongoing maintenance and upgrading of a meteorological station network is included.